Chlorine naturally exists as two isotopes, \(_{17}^{35}\textrm{Cl}\) (chlorine-35) and \(_{17}^{37}\textrm{Cl}\) (chlorine-37). The abundance of chlorine-35 is 75% ...

This video is an interactive lesson in calculating an atom’s mass and atomic number. Atoms consist of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in shells. The numbers of ...

Molecular and Atomic Mass of Elements: There are various concepts in chemistry that require a basic understanding to see the bigger picture. One such knowledge is knowing the key terminologies and ...

Conventional neutron numbers are based on the approximations that the mass of the electron is zero and that those of the proton and neutron are each equal to unity. It was shown, by using the exact ...

Neutron star and black hole masses in binary systems are calculable using Kepler's laws of motion, based on orbital parameters and object speeds. Merging neutron stars or black holes emit ...

Researchers developed a method to accurately calculate atomic forces for elements with high atomic numbers with quantum Monte Carlo simulations Ishikawa, Japan-- Atomic forces are primarily ...