An international scientific team recently published a new map of the ocean floor based on Earth’s gravity field, and it is a particularly useful tool. Such seafloor maps can aid submariners and ship ...

Exactly how the turbulent mixing of ocean water relates to global overturning circulation has been little understood by oceanographers, but an international research team, including an Earth system ...

Far beneath the surface of the Atlantic Ocean, Earth’s crust is slowly pulling apart. This process, known as seafloor spreading, occurs along mid-ocean ridges, where tectonic plates move apart, and ...

The global mid-ocean ridge, with a total length over 65,000 km, is the longest volcanic chain on Earth. Hot magmas are extracted from the upwelling asthenosphere beneath the ridge axis to produce ...