Theta waves are one of the five types of electrical pulses your brain produces. They tend to happen when you’re lightly sleeping, dreaming, or in a state of deep relaxation. Experts believe they play ...

Many animals, including humans, harbor ingrained biases to actively obtain rewards and to remain inactive to avoid punishment. Sometimes, however those biases can steer us wrong. A new study finds ...

The firing of most hippocampal neurons is modulated by the theta rhythm, but it's not clear how and where the rhythm is generated. A study now shows that the required machinery for theta generation ...

Vertebrates are predisposed to act to gain rewards, and to lay low to avoid punishment. Try to teach chickens to back away from food in order to obtain it, and you'll fail, as researchers did in 1986.

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — Vertebrates are predisposed to act to gain rewards, and to lay low to avoid punishment. Try to teach chickens to back away from food in order to obtain it, and ...